Marketing Plan For A Business Company - 1636 Words

â€Å"†¦carry a broader array of merchandise than the factory outlets, consisting of branded and designer-labeled merchandise that includes manufacturer’s overruns, closeouts, or damaged goods.† (Kaikati, 1985) Most items acquired to be sold at Ross are excess items from other stores that they could not sell, items that are not the latest fashion anymore, and sometimes some defective products that are not completely perfect but still useable. When these items are bought for Ross, they are generally bought in bulk for deep discounts. This then means that Ross does not always check what is in the bulk of clothes/products they are purchasing. There are times when these purchased products are not appropriate for example having offensive graphics on clothing or bad quality of apparel that may already be damaged. Although buying in bulk may be cheaper, it may result costly as well because if the company does receive items as the ones explained above, then they are obliga ted to discard the products immediately which results in a loss of profit. Flexible Return Policy. A challenge that Ross Stores has is that its return policy can be a bit too flexible for this company’s good. The return policy seems like any other regular policy where the customer can return an unused item within 30 days and get their money back, but this is not always the case. â€Å"A simple and easy return policy boosts sales, as shoppers are more willing to make purchases with the knowledge that returning them won’t beShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plan For A Business Company1514 Words   |  7 Pages Today, customers always demand goods that have lower prices because of the low income and Ajidesigner Company is looking out for middle and high-class customers. Ajidesigner Company chooses the price itself in term of best value rather than the price which would benefit both middle and high-class. Value refers to the benefits customers receive for what they get. Ajidesigner Company offers customers high-value products through our quality a nd brand. My product price makes consumers feel thatRead MoreCompany and Marketing Strategy: Partnering to Build Customer Relationships1465 Words   |  6 Pagessteps 2. Discuss how to design business portfolios and develop growth strategies 3. Explain marketing’s role in strategic planning and how marketing works with its partners to create and deliver customer value 4. Describe the elements of a customer-driven marketing strategy and mix, and the forces that influence it 5. List the marketing management functions, including the elements of a marketing plan, and discuss the importance of measuring return on marketing investment Chapter Outline 1.Read MoreProduct Marketing Plan For Marketing1683 Words   |  7 PagesProduct Marketing Plan In the business, the world, marketing is the trade of introduction of inventors and corporations to the consumer. This trade will be in the regards to marketing the product and/or services also the invention. Marketing point will be conducted with a series of surveys, test groups and information collected for a target marketing segment. In these, conduct informational studies, the marketing will figure to correct target market, consumer and the supply and demand of the productRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Marketing Strategy Plan? Essay1366 Words   |  6 Pagesconclusions. In this research project I will be mainly looking at the marketing strategy plan and do a thorough search on this topic. The project will have 6 sub-sections. Namely, the review of literature, methodology, processing of findings, conclusion, reference list and the appendix. Helping me to answer the question ‘What make a good marketing strategy plan?’ is the feedback on the questionnaires that I will compile and send out to companies. The questionnaires will be derived from the literature reviewRead MoreImportance of Marketing882 Words   |  4 PagesIMPORTANCE OF MARKETING IN ORGANIZATIONS The Importance of Marketing in Organizations Verisha Barrett University of Phoenix Marketing MKT/421 Marc Mosko Apr 22, 2006 The Importance of Marketing in Organizations Marketing has become one of the most critical increasing forces which drive today’s companies. With marketing a company has power to carefully plan and implement the strategies to make a company successful. I view marketing as everything a company or a personRead MoreTaking a Look at Expedia Inc.885 Words   |  4 Pages1. Expedia.Inc is a travel website company which is localized in 29 countries with the headquarters in Bellevue. The American based company is the parent company of numerous travel brands including the Expedia.com. The website books the travel tickets, vacation packages, hotel reservations and a lot more services for its customers through the internet based tools and telephone. Expedia.Com was founded in 1996 as the division of Microsoft and further developed into the Current form of Expedia.ComRead MoreCritical Thinking Questions : Strategic Planning1160 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess a company uses to develop and maintain a strategic fit between their g oals as an organization and their capabilities of meeting demands in a fast-changing market. Strategic planning helps companies take advantage and adapt to the opportunities that it’s ever changing environment throws at them. There are four steps to strategic planning. Marketing plays a large role in the strategic planning, because the plan is finding ways to take advantage of the market to increase business. The StepsRead MoreMarketing Plan Essay795 Words   |  4 PagesHow to Develop a Marketing Plan that Will Add Value to Your Business Studies show that companies with a marketing plan in place are more likely to be successful in their marketing efforts. One study showed that businesses that plan grow 30% faster. According to another study, 71% of fast-growing companies have plans. Those companies create budgets, set sales goals, and document marketing sales strategies. A solid marketing plan will help you generate leads, build awareness with your target audienceRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Audit1229 Words   |  5 Pages1.1 Marketing Audit Marketing audit can be defined as a study, inspection, review and/or evaluation of marketing activities of any company. Basically, it estimates the marketing environment of the company, aims, strategies, and policies of the company. After evaluation of marketing plans and strategies, it has to identify the mistakes, weaknesses, insufficiencies, complications and other issues to be encountered in firm’s marketing purposes. The final outcome of the marketing audit recommends measuresRead MoreMarketing Plan For Coffee Beans1456 Words   |  6 Pagesa food company in Northern Territory Australia that have traveled through the paved markets, abundant coppices and villages of Mediterranean to bring quality food products for customers(Our Story, 2017). The story of the company is linked with trusted customers and producers who considers quality as their utmost choice. The company is currently serving Mediterranean food and now the company is going to launch new products for its cust omers i.e. coffee beans. The aim of this marketing plan is to

Marketing and Heineken - 1642 Words

What are Heineken s strengths and weaknesses? The major strengths and weaknesses of Heineken are as follows: Strengths: The taste of Heineken beer is unique. The yeast that is used to make Heineken beer till today was developed in 1886. So the taste and uniqueness of it has been there for a hundred years. Heineken is the world’s second largest beer manufacturer. They produce 5.6 billion ltrs of beer each year. Second only to Anheuser-Busch who produce 10 billion ltrs. They have substantial market share in Europe and America with 38% where as they are growing very fast (rate of growth 23% over 1992 sales) in Asia and Australia. In some markets like USA and Hong Kong the Heineken brand is†¦show more content†¦(Pg. 581) Project Mosa The project team collects the information to find answers the following two questions: a) which expressions of taste Heineken should use in their advertising, and b) which expressions of friendship Heineken should us. The team researches and gathers data from 8 focus groups in each country which Heineken i s interested in as their target market. Four of the groups consist of 21-27-year- old people and the others consist of 28-35-year-old people (it seems to be relatively small range, though). a) Which expressions of Taste should Heineken use in their advertising? In Exhibit 4, here is an example of expressions of Taste, in which Heineken tries to show their brand vision, pride for the brand s quality, and brewing skills Exhibit 6 demonstrates that almost all of the focus groups regard taste experience, balanced taste, and foam as important. Another finding is that Netherlands, Germany, and average 8 countries have similar preferences in Product category. Next finding is German is most interested in Taste when drinking beer. Final one is the USA seems to pay most attentions to Marketing promotion of all researched countries. According to exhibit 8, all of the countries think of all items in Quality category as important, also all except Italy consider Tradition has positive meaning . On the other hand, although domestic brands dominate national market in Germany, the data means they positively evaluate Heineken,Show MoreRelatedMarketing and Heineken959 Words   |  4 Pagesa Heineken Case Study Questions Put yourself in the role of the Global VP of Marketing at Heineken. You have different marketing teams evaluating the Heineken’s global brand positioning. Your objective is to recommend to the CEO how you should proceed with your global brand efforts. 1. What are Heineken’s strengths and weaknesses? Is Heineken a global brand? Why or why not? What are the characteristics of a global brand? What competitive and cultural barriers does the Heineken brandRead MoreMarketing Paper Heineken4850 Words   |  20 PagesThe company Heineken is a Dutch beer brewery company, which was founded in 1863, when Gerard Adriaan Heineken bought a small brewery in Amsterdam called â€Å"The Haystack†. In 1900 the company came up with it nowadays famous five-point star. In 1914 the company began expanding, starting with the production of their own bottled beers. By 1914 the company was one of the most loved import beers in the United States. From around 1948 Heineken began promoting their beer on a large scale. With slogans asRead MoreEssay on Heineken Marketing Report 20094988 Words   |  20 Pages[pic] Marketing 100 Andrei Catrinici Term paper Prof. J.Goldstein I - Intro on company History of the company II - Environmental Analysis   Ã‚   1 - Economic forces   Ã‚   2 - Political Legal forces   Ã‚   3 - Demand   Ã‚         a)Total size of market   Ã‚         b)Market share   Ã‚         c)Characteristics of demand   Ã‚               1-When   Ã‚               2-where   Ã‚               3-how often costumers buy   Ã‚  Read MoreMarketing Analysis : Heineken s Global Strategy1447 Words   |  6 PagesHeineken, the 150-year-old Dutch company, one of the world’s most recognised brewers has employed different ways of digital marketing to reach its target audience. Through their website-heineken.com they have a big opportunity to communicate with the public on issues for example the different beer brands, share a company information, such as financial statements, history, awards, etc. A strong social strategy is an important part of the Heineken’s digital marketing and Jeremy Brook, Heineken’s GlobalRead MoreHeineken Brand: A Case Study1317 Words   |  5 Pagesbrand? In my opinion, Heineken’s brand focuses premium quality and tradition. In addition, Heineken places a great deal of significance on the consumer’s experience in relation to social events and gatherings. Rather than relying on the pure taste and overall quality of their beer, Heineken emphasizes the symbiotic relationship between the iconic beer itself and the beer’s sentimental effect. The Heineken brand upholds its traditions and ideals due to its long and sustained position within the beerRead MoreHeineken Case Analysis1700 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Case Analysis – Heineken Ronald J. McIntosh MG 495 Strategic Management - Winter 2014 City University of Seattle Abstract Heineken begins it story as a company in 1864 when its founder, Gerard Adrian Heineken purchased a small brewery in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Since that time, multiple Read MoreHeineken Micro, Macro Force, Consumer Behaviour1505 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Heineken was first brewed in 1864 at Amsterdam by Gerard Adriaan Heineken. Till today, after 146 years of development, the Heineken brand has become the most valuable international premium beer brand. Available in almost every country on the planet, Heineken is one of the world’s leading international brewers, producing more than 200 different brands and employing more than 75,000 people worldwide. â€Å"Our journey is summarized by Brewing a Better Future that reflects our intent, ourRead MoreMarketing Beer1075 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness opportunities for premium beers with low alcohol content. The report also provides a high level summary of how beer companies can incorporate perceptual maps when devising their marketing strategy and implications that a perceptual map has for marketing managers. Perceptual maps can be used by marketing managers to determine where consumer’s view their brand of beer to be positioned relative to its competitors. It is a useful tool to identify direct competitors and potential niche opportunitiesRead MoreBrand Comparisons on Carlsberg and Heineken1181 Words   |  5 PagesBrand Comparisons on Carlsberg and Heineken A Brief Induction of Carlsberg and Heineken Carlsberg is the world s fourth largest brewing group , founded in 1847 , is headquartered in Copenhagen, Denmark. Carlsberg is also the company s major beer brands . Carlsberg is popular in more than 150 countries around the world , to the best quality of all-cause all Carlsberg beer brewing . In time more than 160 years , Carlsberg parties friends to lead one . Whether they come from a sports bar theRead MoreTaking a Look at Harp Lager892 Words   |  4 Pageslager brand in Ireland. When it was launched it was marketed as a new modern drink that would appeal to young males and females alike. It was a sister brand of Guinness which was associated with older men in the country. Slogans used in the initial marketing campaigns included â€Å" Have you heard the call yet† and â€Å"Brewed in Ireland – naturally† evoking a sense of pride in the home brewed beer during the troubles in the country. It became the first mass marketed draught lager in Ireland and the U K. Harp

Mixed Martial Arts Essay Summary Example For Students

Mixed Martial Arts Essay Summary Most fights dont even happen in the ring, where there is fame and fortune to be had, most of these fights happen in the streets, in gang wars, in fight clubs, and even in schools. Wherever two men fight for power physically, there is MA MA is a cross discipline sport. It encompasses all of the fighting styles, but only the best suited are used in the ring. Official MA fights are governed by a strict body of rules that protect the well being of the competitors. Even with these rules in place, the violent nature of the sport still brings with it many injuries, and, at very rare cases, even fatalities. The JIFF is the most famous body of MA as of recent times. They provide a medium tort the best fighters to compete and prove their mettle against the hundreds of men that belong to the sport. This seemingly new type of sport is deeply rooted in the human psyche. In order to fulfill the need for violence and action that is usually frowned upon by modern society, people turn to these kinds of activities. Even watching a fight brings forth fantasies of controlled violence, a welcome aversion from the monotony of everyday life. Mixed Martial Arts does not exist only Within the confines Of the octagon, or even in our TV sets. Every day, perfectly normal family men with stable jobs, Wives and even children take up arms in fight clubs scattered throughout the world. In there the rules are simple, to make your opponent either submit or pass out With the use Of force. Most Of the people Who join these clubs live perfectly normal lives, but when the bell rings they revert back to their base instincts and forget their lives in order to live the warriors life for a couple of minutes. After that, they return to their modern lives, badly bruised and beaten, but with a sense of fulfillment that keeps them going until the next fight. These people are not war freaks. They arent even minutely violent when you ask their close friends. The manifestation violence only comes when they are pitted against another competitor, when their jobs and their lives take a back seat to the surge to adrenaline that takes over. A high beyond that of any illegal drug dominates the senses, even the pain of your opponents retaliation cannot mask the euphoria to the tight, leaving them wanting tort more. MA proves that a mans greatest weapon is his own body. Amateur MA is practically a bare-bones slugfest, filled with Impractical blows and unorthodox harrows meant to take down opponents in whatever means necessary. Professional MA, however, pits the greatest and most conditioned athletes against each other in a battle of wits and timing. Its is as much a science as boxing, with even more factors involved. Even though it is still basically two men pounding each Other, they train themselves to the point that their instincts are as fine tuned as machine. They know when to hit, when to attack and when to take down the moment they see an opening. Their training is more grueling than any other sport, and the stakes even higher. Their training goes beyond he physical realm, even going as far into psychological warfare. Though muscles do not dictate strength, it does elicit a certain sense of inferiority to the smaller person, sometimes meaning the difference between a win and a loss. Every day, ordinary men put their lives on the line to experience the excitement of MA. Fight clubs, though underground, are still a legitimate form of MA. Other illegal tournaments have no safety precautions and are likened to human cockfighting. Rich men bet on these tournaments as a form of entertainment, and the relatively less fortunate participate in these to earn extra money, not owing that they may pay the ultimate price tort the tee bucks they earn. .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 , .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .postImageUrl , .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 , .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:hover , .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:visited , .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:active { border:0!important; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:active , .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889 .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9a4213ddac395067bbeda6ea91a02889:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: the great depression Essay PaperMuch controversy has been had from alleged lackluster safety precautions. F-ironer US, Presidential John McCain, a known supporter of boxing, openly attacked the for having lenient rules and even went as far as to campaign for its removal on U. S. Television. It was later known that he received numerous gratuities from boxing promoters over his anti MA escapades. Some people, mostly the rich, deem MA as violent, barbaric and uncivilized. Some even connect MA shown in public TWO as the motivation to cases of mommies violence and crime. No matter how these elite rich view it, MA is still good, (relatively) clean fun. It clears the mind of all the troubles that envelops it and makes even the scrawniest feel like a fighter. The elite can afford a personal boxing instructor, a home gym and fighters to spar With. The most ordinary people can do is join a fight club, and that isnt even an option for the office workers that dont have enough time for much physical activity. The closest thing to the thrill of the fight for them is right at their home, with a can of beer and mom of their friends, shouting at the TV screen and pouring all their hate in the world in that small span of time. MA is not the cause of violence, but the outlet of it. You dont huddle around the TV every weekend to cause more anger and bitterness into your lives, but to push all the hate and anger you had at your bosses into your competitors rival. This is what MA stands for, a brief moment in time when a person can be an ape again, wild and free. In the end, the staggering amount of viewers (MA has even outpaced boxing in APP sales) proves that MA is here to stay,

Modernization and Westernization free essay sample

In Target Civil Services 2013 If you have the will to win, you have achieved half your success; if you don’t, you have achieved half your failure. – David Ambrose Home History Economy Polity Geography International Relation P. T (SPECIAL) Scien N T ech Tuesday, 16 October 2012 [Essay] Modernization and Westernization are not Identical Concepts Introduction The battle between the east and the west still continues as each try to preserve its culture and assert its powers. Just as the fight to be superpowers continues, the west and east continue to outdo each other in other aspects. The concept of modernization means an evolution from traditional society practices to modern social status. Modernization has brought about transformation of societies which has been experienced since time in history. The term modernization however, has been mistakably been taken to mean the adoption of policies that favor other societies. The changes have been witnessed in the political, economic production and social systems. In addition, it has also been reflected in the way of thinking and behavior of the people. In the twentieth century many transformations continues to change especially the open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd. com most controversial issue of culture. Societies have remained attached to their practices and beliefs and any attempt to change them. This has remained a contentious issue when the east is approached to adopt policies from the west. They view this as colonization from the west which is blocked in every possible way. This paper tackles the question: Does modernization mean Westernization? It seeks to find out whether there are ways of becoming modern that are informed by different civilization logic. In answering this question it visits the issue of modernization in China in the twentieth century. Civilization brings about modernization; and civilization has historic start in Europe. The different civilizations such as the one rising from Tigris-Euphrates and Nile river valleys contributed a lot to the modern man. The Middle East in the 4000 B. C. E. also experienced civilization revolutions through agrarian revolutions. Technological innovations also characterized this period which contributed to better economic, political and social development. Consequently the changes contributed to the present day modernization. The Chinese Situation In China, modernization came into light during the new culture movement. In this period other terms were associated with modernization; they include westernization, electrification, mechanization, fashionable, and modern. Nevertheless, it was until the 1950s and 60s that the concept of modernization became accepted and used. During this period two western centric ideas were accepted which were; the impact response approach and the tradition modernity approach that contributed to the Chinese transformation. The tradition modernity approach had a direct influence to the modernization which was more known in the American society. Modernization had two practical purposes in the 1950s and 60s; they include to analyse the academic program so as to bring to an end to communism and secondly to give third world nations with a plan to achieve development of a stable, free and content world through the use of science, rationality, enlightenment, capitalist democracy and capitalistic free market. open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Popular Posts [Essay] Modernization and Westernization are not Identical Concepts Person in News :Pranay Sahay Retd Paramilitary staff gets exservicemen status India Signs Loan Agreement with World Bank for US$ 500 Million for Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan Global Hunger Report 2012: India placed 65th Sistema issue: pdfcrowd. com The modernization was characterized in the 1950s and 60s by the split in the development in the modern and tradition period. The traditional period was described as stagnant and static while the modern period was described as rational, fast moving and dynamic. For that reason, modernization was viewed as the elimination of tradition. In those who supported modernization they saw China as incapable of transforming itself to be modern; it required an external shock which should be strong enough to initiate a modern revolution; the west had the chance to provide the enlightenment required for the transformation; and the effects of modernization in China would be to copy the west which was regarded as modern. Modernization Modernization can be traced to the historical development in Europe, since the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries there were major transformational changes. They included renaissance, scientific revolution, the age of great discovery, agrarian and industrial revolution, and enlightenment. In order to be modernized there are two preconditions involved; they are secularization and innovation. In secularization, man is required to have human value that means the satisfaction of practical needs and not accepting idealistic ideas. In adopting secularization man has stronger sense of reality, rationality, and active in social matters. Innovation on the other hand, requires casting away traditional ideologies. In real meaning, modernization moves man from a spiritual or god centered society to a man centered one. It turns out to be rational and scientific. Modernization also brings the issue of enlightenment which brings about a political and social rearrangement that is based on rationality, science and development. For example, the capitalistic system, a liberal democratic system and sovereignty need to be involved. Modernization means industrialization that is built on science and technological revolutions. Science makes man understand the world while technology gives the tools to have a better world. This means that the quality of life is improved contributing to a modern society. Western form of modernization is measured with mechanization regarding to open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Sistema issue: India hopes agreeable solution â€Å"European Golden Boot† to Lionel Messi [Essay] Is Gandhian Mode of Protest (Satyagraha) still relevant? Free generic drugs via public hospitals; Three fold increase in the allocation to health sector in the 12th Plan Rehabilitation of Children Under NCLP Scheme Followers Join this site w ith Google Friend Connect Members (1) Already a member? Sign in pdfcrowd. com production modes, urbanization, mass participation in public issues, affirmative action, education popularization, expansion of infrastructure i. e. transport and communication, bureaucracy and international relationships enhancement. In this view modernization is gauged with the amenities and provisions in the country. For modern transformation the country must therefore undergo economic, political, and cultural transformation. Economically, the country needs to transform from traditional agriculture practices to modern industrial practices. Politically, the country must move from dictatorial and feudal autocratic practices to free and fair democratic society. Culturally, the society needs to move from uncivilized groups into conscious individualism so as to have independence. The democratic view of modernization is the ability to estrict power by use of law, having multi-party rule, having security forces to protect the state, democratic elections, accountability of the government, decentralizing the functions and having participants of the people. The traditional Chinese culture had entrenched three bonds which were (between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife), and five relationships between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife, older brother and younger brother, a nd friends. The society had focus on family, male domination, patriarchy, agriculture and household industry. Changing this would need great and strong force of modernization. Does modernization mean Westernization? Separating modernization from westernization is the issue that lies in the mind; whichever side of the debate one is then he or she can give contradicting statements to prove a point. Many will debate on the loss of culture and the imitation of the western culture as modernization while others will base their argument on the adoption of democracy and a free society. The modern societies have a great deal of common aspects however they never merge into homogeneity. Some have the assumption that the modern civilization is the same as the western civilization and consequently western civilizations is the same as modern civilization. This conversely, is not true. This is due to the fact that the western has always been even before open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Blog Archive ÐŽ 2012 (121) November (29) ÐŽ October (92) Oct 30 (5) Oct 29 (5) Oct 28 (1) Oct 27 (3) Oct 26 (8) Oct 25 (2) Oct 24 (15) Oct 23 (2) Oct 21 (9) Oct 20 (3) Oct 19 (3) Oct 18 (2) Oct 17 (5) ÐŽ Oct 16 (7) [Essay]Imp act of Moderniz ation and Westerniz ation SC green signal to resumptio pdfcrowd. com modernization. The western culture has been seen to be based on philosophy and rationalism of the Greek, the law of the Romans, natural law, the Latin language the rift between Catholics and Protestants and social pluralism. The cultures of the west have not been well accepted in the east in areas like China, Russia, and the Middle East, where centralized bureaucracy and absolutism exists. To the east the adoption of such culture and values would be colonization and modern day slavery. The social and political values depicted as western civilization are therefore rebelled against. The values view as western modernization include liberty, individualism, equality, free markets, capitalism, constitutionalism, separation of the church and state, the rule of law, human rights and democracy. This creates a democracy paradox; where the Islamic world and the east in general oppose westernization. The question at hand (i. e. Does modernization mean Westernization? will help to separate modernization from westernization. Depending on which perspective it is either west or east the argument may last forever but to draw a line and separate the real ideologies can help solve the dilemma of whether the glass is half full or half empty. Can one modernize without being western? As the time passes on the differences between the cultures become less and less; the gap therefore closes. But in the modern society many may resist this change seeing it as colonization. Nevertheless, change is inevitable and as technological and industrial revolutions are adopted the enlightenment period get closer with people demanding their rights. This means that the society will crave for change. However the adoption does not mean a complete merger of the cultures to one global culture. There will always be real and significant differences in the modernization. For example, the democracy, communism, and fascism were modern political systems and since democracy has been adopted by the west does not mean it is westernization. There is therefore need to differentiate the western influence from the modernization in the west. Though modernization may seen by the east as aping the west; the critical part is the difference between the two areas. There are still differences even after modernization since the family values; the social obligations and the meaning of life remain different open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API resumptio n of tourism in Tiger President of Mauritius to be the Chief Guest of 11 Iran denies U. S. llegation of cyber attack Person in News :First woman chief of AU takes char [Essay] Moderniz ation and Westerniz ation are not I National Security Advisor Releases Joint Working G Oct 15 (2) Oct 14 (6) pdfcrowd. com from the west. Their cultures have the various differences which are always unique to the areas and the people practicing them. This brings the cultural identity which is always maintained even after modernization. Modernization and wester nization Societies have defied all odds to modernize despite the negative notion brought by those who oppose change. Westernizing and modernizing have already been differentiated by a clear line. While modernizing is the adoption of technology and industrial revolutions; westernization on the other hand is the adoption of the western culture and ideas. Therefore for those who modernize does not have to adopt the western cultures. They just need to maintain their own culture but retain the ideologies of the modern world. The revolutionizing of people and societies is normally seen as the western culture where governments in the east want to retain the status quo and remain dictatorial. For modernization to take place there must be minimum requirements which include; industrialization, urbanization, occupational social structures that are complex and diverse, rational, effective and efficient economic groups, revolutionary decisions, education of the masses, efficient communication systems, centralization and global economic participation. Above all there must be social and political will; which might incorporate western values such as liberty, human rights, constitutionalism, secularization, democracy, equality and free markets. Citizens from the oppressed nations must therefore be able to distinguish the lies from the truth. Modern day civilization is not just a matter of aping what people want and fighting freedom; it is all about adopting the values that revolutionize society and give them a chance to discover themselves. The East especially the Islamic nations has particularly remained cold in adopting the western values more specifically due to the religion factor which is seen as an overtaking of the Muslim religion and culture by the Christian practices and norms. For a global village to be achieved there is need for most nations to adopt modernization and play away all difference. On the other hand, it does not mean open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API Oct 14 (6) Oct 13 (4) Oct 12 (6) Oct 11 (2) Oct 10 (1) Oct 09 (1) Labels ESSAY My Thought Persons in News Total Pageviews 2 3 7 3 pdfcrowd. com forgetting their culture but it means retaining it and preserving what is beneficial to the society. Every person needs to given the right to decide his or her own destiny while the state controls the nation in a democratic way. The people should have the freedom to decide in fair elections and be able to exercise their democratic rights. It also tends to abolish communism and assert democracy in a society that is oppressed. Conclusion Modernization does not mean aping the law, politics, lifestyles, language, religion, and education systems. But, it entails empowering the societies to decide what they need and want at all times. It involves making their lives easier through revolutions such as industrialization which will make them change from the traditional practices to modern concepts. The west has been viewed as very revolutionary and dynamic in the adoption of new ideas; the east on the other hand has been seen to oppose change. In view of the fact that modernization started in the west does not mean that the east should ape them. The clear separation of modernization from westernization is the only factor that will ensure the societies in the east are not lied to by their leaders. The east can experience better economic, political and social benefits if only they embrace modernization. They should use modernization to ensure the cultural and social values are always preserved within the society. This is the unique character of modernization; it does not strive to change the individual but the means of the individual to live. It is also good since it allows individuals to discover themselves, their strengths and weaknesses which will contribute to better control of the system. The east does not have to worry on adopting the western culture rather what the modernization does to the economic, social and political norms. Posted by sonu kumar at Tuesday, October 16, 2012 Recommend this on Google 15 comments: open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? 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An informational speech on Gatorade.

An informational speech on Gatorade. Water will not replace all the ingredients of sweat. Tonight I will inform you about Gatorade and the benefits of drinking it while exercising. You're probably asking yourself "Why should I care about Gatorade while exercising?" and the answer to that is dehydration. Dehydration is defined as the excessive loss of body fluid. First I will give you a history of Gatorade, 2nd I will tell you what Gatorade is, then I will explain how Gatorade works, and finally I will compare Gatorade against other sports drinks on the market.Deep in Florida Gator country dehydration was a major problem. The University started to research on an "alternative to water" and Gatorade was created by Dr. Robert Cade and Dr. Dana Shires in 1966 at the University of Florida and named Gatorade after the University's football team, the gators. A year later after Dr. Cade made an agreement with Stokely-Van Camp to market Gatorade, which he already patented.GatoradeThe Florida Gators used it in 1967 for the first t ime. It was also the first time they won the Orange Bowl title beating Georgia Tech. During an interview with the Georgia Tech head coach a reporter asked why they lost. The head coach replied "Because we did not have Gatorade on our sidelines." In 1969 the Kansas City Chiefs used the sports drink an attribute their Super Bowl victory that year to Gatorade. Only one year after its commercial introduction, Gatorade reformulated its recipe due to the Food and Drug Administration banned Sodium Cyclamate, which is a sweetener, according to Gatorade.com, last accessed on October 9, 2005. The Quaker Oats company bought Stokely Van-Camp in 1983 and licensed marketing rights to Pepsi co. until 2001 when Pepsi Co. bought the Quaker Oats Company, according to wikipedia.com, last accessed on October...

How to Make a Waterfall Firework

How to Make a Waterfall Firework A waterfall firework produces a long-lasting shower of glittering sparks, like a fiery waterfall. Here are instructions for making a waterfall firework yourself. This is a bright firework, intended to produce sparks that fall 20-30 feet. The waterfall may be suspended in the air or over a drop, as from a bridge. Waterfall Firework Mixture Potassium perchlorateMixture of 50-100 mesh aluminum and titanium and 300-400 mesh aluminum10% dextrin in water Prepare the Firework Mix together equal parts of potassium perchlorate and the metals with enough dextrin solution that you can pack the mixture.Press the composition into paper tubes approximately 8-1/2 inches x 5/8 inches (internal diameter). You can make the tubes using rolled regular paper, secured on the ends and middle with masking tape. Leave 1/2 inch open at the end of the tube for your ignition mixture.Combine equal amounts of waterfall firework mixture with gunpowder to make an ignition mixture. Pack ignition mixture and a fuse into the last 1/2 inch of the paper tube.Let the firework dry for a day or longer.Suspend a series of the waterfall tubes 20-30 feet in the air, using wire. Link the tubes together using quickmatch.When its time, light the quickmatch and enjoy the show! Waterfall Firework Safety Be sure the wire used to attach the firework to the supporting structure can withstand the heat of the firework. The burning metal produced by the firework will ignite any grass or brush underneath, so be sure to light this firework over a clean, fireproof area. Expect the sparks to be very hot, so let them burn out on their own. Dont attempt to stamp them out. Reference: Kurt Schumacher, pyrocreations.com Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

How Marketing And the Communications Industry Transformed to the Research Paper

How Marketing And the Communications Industry Transformed to the Digital Marketing Era - Research Paper Example Introduction Publicis group is a multinational company based in Paris. The group provides media services, traditional and digital advertising, marketing services and consulting services to the clients. In the era of globalization the medium of advertisement has been changed and the type of advertisement also getting modernized. In the marketing and communications industry there was a transformation seen from the 1990s decade. The agencies change their campaign approaches. They are trying to communicating with the customers instead of communicating at the customers. The Publicis group wants to transform the group’s operation as they have bought Digitas. They have begun to identify a new model and for this they have to change the company’s agencies. Vivaki is a new strategic initiative designed to improve the advertisers’ marketing investments and thus boost the growth of the Publicis group. In this modern era of marketing and communications industry needs some inn ovative approaches for retaining the market share. The approach of Publicis group was innovative as four agencies came under one umbrella through which Vivaki can provide good services to the clients. Since launch Vivaki has not performed well but because of the financial crisis. The paper is an attempt to research about the problems with the group using various tools of analysis like TOWS and strategy tripod. The researcher has tried to provide some recommendations that what the company should do in this situation for their long term and short term profit. Analysis The strategy tripod model is the tool a company with respect to three major perspectives of strategy. The three perspectives are industry based view, resource based view and... This paper stresses that marketing and the communications industry has transformed to the digital marketing era from the traditional marketing. Till 2006 there were no digital shops in the top ten spots so the group has acquired Digitas. Digitas is an integrated digital advertising agency. In 2007 Digitas was in the first spot in the ranking of the top digital stores. After that the chairman of the company feels the needs to integrate the agencies that were under the group and then provide products to the clients. So the management has launched a new venture Vivaki which offers the combined scale of operations of four different agencies of the group. The author of the essay declares that At the inception the group has not performed well because of financial crisis. In this report the researcher has analyzed the situation. This report makes a conclusion that the firm should take care of the cultural issues arising as this company is multinational. The company should allocate the responsibility of the agencies who are working in collaboration so that the group can avoid the events like AT & T. They should use the balance scorecard for review the feedback of the clients and employees. As the approach of the company is innovative it can be said from the analysis that the group will be able to increase its market share if they apply the suggestions made by the researcher.

Market analysis in Abu Dhabi Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Market analysis in Abu Dhabi - Research Paper Example Abu Dhabi is the biggest of all seven emirates in UAE as well as the capital of the country. The population of the city is about 1.3 million out of 3.8 million of UAE and also covers the 87% of the entire area. The city has a booming retail real estate market for residential buildings, offices other tourism places. The real estate market condition in the United Arab Emirates is, as a whole, facing a boom. It has the most secure and profitable market in whole Gulf region. Abu Dhabi is currently enjoying real estate investment from all over the world. The Abu Dhabi market possesses number of opportunities in the real state sector. It has been difficult for the authorities to meet the ever rising demand for real estate projects in the city.This paper presents an overview of economy, demographics and real estate of the retail market growth in the UAE region. It primarily illuminates the major retail real estate markets of Abu Dhabi, reflects on existing and future demand and supply, and provides recommendation for stabilization in the sector.UAE came into being as a result of alliance of seven emirates and Abu Dhabi was made the capital of the state. Abu Dhabi has supremacy in almost all fields i.e. economically and geographically etc. Abu Dhabi covers approximately 87% of total UAE area. According to a census that took place in 2005 the official population of UAE was 3.8 million approximately while the Abu Dhabi population was around 1.3 million. 300,000 people were those non-nationals who did not become a part of the census (Emirates: Abu Dhabi-Country Profile). Economy UAE is one of largest oil and gas producing countries of the World. It has 9% of oil reserves and approximately 5% of gas reserves. Abu Dhabi has the predominant share in these reserves i.e. 95% and 92% of oil and gas reserves. Like almost every Middle East country natural resources are the back bone of economy of UAE. The IMF report says that the GDP group of UAE is around 12% in 2005 and expectedly more in near future (Emirates: Abu Dhabi-Country Profile). The government of UAE, however, does not want to rely completely on oil and gas due to the fluctuation in its prices. It has been focusing on minimizing the country's economic reliance on oil and gas exports. With the government efforts and local and foreign investment in real state retail, tourism and industry the 64% of GDP now consists of non oil and gas sector. The government put huge investment and established Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority (ADTA) and that has been handled by the Tourism and Development Investment Company (TDIC) to promote tourism and real estate sector. Hence, the economy is moving towards the right dimension in the whole UAE and especially Abu Dhabi, which is undergoing rapid economic growth due to huge foreign and local investment in the country from banks and financial institutions (Emirates: Abu Dhabi-Country Profile). . Real Estate The current boom in the real state market of the United Arab Emirates took place over the last few years and has made a significant difference to the economy. The ratio of real state was 2.5% of the economy which has reached to10.5% (Walters, Kadragic and Walters 78). The real estate is one of those sectors contributing heavily to the overall economy. This huge investment reflects the government interest in the development of real estate market. The whole Gulf region is showing its keen interest in developing its economy while supporting the real estate sector. Abu Dhabi attracts abounding investment from the region in its real estate market. Al-Futtaim is going to launch project of $9.5 billion. That would take approximately 10 years to be done. The project includes residential, commercial, hotel and several office towers (Woods) REAL ESTATE RETAIL MARKET IN ABU DHABI . Abu Dhabi is a different market than any other market in the region for instance Dubai, Sharjah etc. The city is ideal because of its property market and pricing that also

Significance of Belonging in Young Peoples Lives. Belongingness and Essay

Significance of Belonging in Young Peoples Lives. Belongingness and Identity - Essay Example Belongingness is a phenomenon that is characterized with a central feature called identity - be it a individualized or community based, but identity is the core factor governing the sense of belongingness. Identity attributes the exaggeration of outsider versus insider barriers due to polarization, so is happened with nationalism to the larger extent. Identification with one's own ethnic group occurs at the cost of estrangement from the larger societal framework. Belongingness as a manifested form of identity influences the fundamental structure of personal identification at its basic level, whereas, at its most complex level, it articulates the complex involvement with other individuals within the social network, featuring a range of potentially contradictory identity factors contributing to adherence such as gender factor, attitudinal factors, sexual orientation factor, ethnicity factors, ethnic preference factor and so on. When the development of the sense of belongingness is depr ived, it may result in increased anxiety, stress and emotional distress along with various forms of psychopathology and physiological malfunctioning (Baumeister & Leary, 1995; Anderman, 2002). Need for Belongingness As stated in Sociometer theory proposed by Leary and Baumeister (2000), there is a strong correlation between one's relational value and perceived self-esteem. If an individual perceives that his or her relational value is at risk, it may lower his or her self-esteem to quite a further. This threat is central to the need for belongingness that educes reflection about the problematic condition and potential solutions, as described by rumination theory proposed by Martin and Tesser (1996). Hence, if the perceived threat of relational inadequacy is continuing through the human system, the distorted self-esteem may cause the threat to repetitively turn out to be the individual's focus of awareness by interfering reflection over the barren goal, namely, the satisfaction of the need for belongingness. Aligned to this fact, rumination theory proposes that the perceived threat to the contentment of a basic need is one of the central factors educing and maintaining reflection (Gold & Wegner, 1995). Forms of Belongingness In order to develop an understanding about the relationship of belongingness to a young's life in terms of their living style, historical context of their existing condition, as well as present contextual framework, a thorough approach in considering the forms of belongingness needs to be assessed. There are essentially two forms of belongingness that influence an individual's life especially a young individual's life to quite a greater extent: belonging to place, inclusive of nationality and neighbourhood and a blend of these two aspects and belonging to sexual community. Belonging to Place In several times, various researchers conducted studies in order to find out the implication of belongingness in an individual's life in relation to the social location the individual belong to. It has been found that the sense of belongingness is shaped by the social location in which an individual belonging into (Rutherford, 1990). Hence, the essential contributing factors shaping a young individual's sense of belongingness include locality, gender, ethnicity, religion and social class. In such a study called Inventing Adulthood Study (London South Bank University, 2006) conducted to find out the sense of national identity among young individuals suggests that the national identity seems to be invisible with an

The Disorders Of Homeostasis Health And Social Care Essay

The Disorders Of Homeostasis Health And Social Care Essay This assignment will discuss the changes of normal  social,  physical, biochemical and physiological  functions of a disease process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This is a term used for a number of conditions; including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. COPD leads to damaged airways in the lungs, causing them to become narrower and making it harder for air to get in and out of the lungs. The word chronic means that the problem is long-term. COPD is a condition which mainly affects people over the age of 40, and COPD has a higher prevalence occurring among women than men (NHS-Choices, 2008). COPD is also a condition that is long term and incurable that can have a serious affects on health and quality of life, its not fully understood why COPD develops. (Marieb, 2003). The student will also incorporate local and national health and social policies, including frameworks that are in place in relation to the patients illness. The student identified a patient named Mrs J. She was admitted to hospital due to exacerbation of COPD. Her primary diagnosis is Osteoarthritis of the Hip but also had symptoms of emphysema. Mrs J is a 55 year old woman and is married, Mrs J also has an older child of 34 whom she has become quite dependant on and felt like she had impacted on her childs life and had become a hindrances. Mrs J has become more breathless as her condition develops over time and more so while she was lying in bed unable to carry out her daily activities such as doing the housework, leisure activities, also looking after her appearance as she normally would have done at home . COPD is becoming one of the fastest leading causes of disability (NHS choices, 2008). According to British Lung Foundation, (2010) a recent survey, 83% of COPD patients said their COPD slows them down, 79% said they had to cut down their activities and 56% said their condition has a great affect on their families. COPD is the most common respiratory conditions in adults in the developed world and poses an enormous burden to society both in terms of direct cost to the healthcare services and indirect costs to society through loss of productivity. Recent analysis estimated that National Health Service (NHS) spends  £818 million annually in the United Kingdom (UK). (British Thoracic Society, 2006). However 50% of the cost is accounted for by poorly managed exacerbations resulting in frequent re-admissions to hospital (Coakley Ruston, 2001). COPD is a chronic inflammatory condition of the lungs that causes the respiratory passages to be swollen and irritated, increases the mucus production and damaging the lungs. (Marieb, 2003). COPD develops when irritants are breathed into the airway and down the bronchial tubes. Normally, oxygen is passed through the bronchioles into the alveoli, tiny hollow sack-like structures in the lungs where oxygen is absorbed in to the bloodstream. When air is mixed with smoke or irritants, it will damage the lungs and the ability to take enough oxygen in (NHS-Choices, 2008). Mrs J condition would of been triggered by her heavy smoking, the toxins from her cigarettes has made her bronchioles (airway and lungs) become inflamed and narrowing the airway, this will lead to irreversible damage to the respiratory system by obstructing the bronchial airflow and hindering gaseous exchange within the alveoli (Munden, J, 2007). Mrs J suffers from many symptoms due to her smoking these include shortness of breath, a persistent cough, yellowish green sputum, signs of cyanosis to her lips, also Mrs J has continued to smoke as she thinks the damage has already been done so her condition. The vast majority of COPD patients are smokers. By stopping smoking patients can slow the rate of decline in lung function and thus improve the patients prospects in terms of symptoms and survival. The NICE guidance recommends that short-acting bronchodilators should be used for the initial treatment for breathlessness and exercise limitation and goes on to say that, if this isnt having an effect then the treatment should be intensified using either a long-acting bronchodilator or a combined therapy with a short acting beta2-agonist and a short-acting anticholinergic. The respiratory system is the major part for gases exchange to take place, it allows takes the air that enters are bodies when we inhale and travels through the respiratory system, exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide and expels carbon dioxide when we exhale (munden, J, 2007). Mrs J has been smoking now for 45 years and on an average day having up to 40 cigarettes a day and is not prepared to quit as she feels the damage is already done. Mrs J smokes for comfort and feels that its all for her pleasure, she has become very isolated, her chronic bronchitis makes her breathless when doing actives and is not able to do her daily activities therefore is becoming depressed. Do this having a huge impact on her mental and social parts of her life. Patients like Mrs J with airflow limitation clinically they have become known as pink puffers and blue bloaters (Kleinschmidt, 2008). Patients with COPD have traditionally been divided into  pink puffers  and  blue bloaters  based on their physiological response to abnormal blood gases.  The former work hard to maintain a normal pO2  which is why they puff away. They tend to have a barrel-shaped, hyper inflated chest and breathe through pursed lips. The latter are blue because of hypoxia and polycythaemia. They are often obese and have water retention. This is why they are bloated. The  blue bloaters  are dependent upon hypoxia for their respiratory drive and to give oxygen and deprive them of this will lead to significant  hypercapnia  and acid base imbalance. (MedicineNet, 1996 2010) Mrs J falls under the term blue bloaters as she linked to chronic bronchitis due to cyanosis which causes a blue tinge to the lips, which occurs from poor gas exchange. Airway Smooth Muscle in Asthma and COPD: Biology and Pharmacology  by Prof. Kian Fan Chung pink puffers has been linked to emphysema as the patients may be showing signs of weight loss, using their accessory muscles with pursed lips giving them a reddish complexion, they may also adopt the tripod sitting position (Kleinschmidt, 2008). Although these conditions separate the patient may present with slight variations of them both, however they do differentiate through their underlying process, signs and symptoms (Bellamy Booker, 2004). The respiratory system can be separated into a conducting and a respiratory portion. The conducting portion consists of the air-transmitting passages of the nose, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles. This part of the respiratory system serves to filter, warm and humidify air on its way to the lungs. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Gerard J. Tortora, and Bryan H. Specialized portions of the conducting system also serve other functions, e.g., the nose in the sense of smell, the pharynx in alimentation, and the larynx in phonation. The actual exchange of gases occurs in the respiratory portion which consists of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and sacs and alveoli. Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology by Gerard J. Tortora, and Bryan H. Derrickson   There are two separate arterial systems in the lungs, the pulmonary arteries which carry deoxygenated blood, follow the respiratory passages and end in capillaries in alveolar walls, and the bronchial arteries which carry oxygenated blood. (Ross and Wilson,2009). The lungs are richly supplied with lymphatic vessels, which are organized into two sets a deep set that accompanies the pulmonary vessels and airways and a superficial set that lies beneath the visceral and parietal pleura. Little or no anatomises occurs between the two plexus except in the region of the hilum. (SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 2008) The lung is the organ for gas exchange; it transfers oxygen from the air into the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood into the air. To accomplish gas exchange the lung has two components, airways and alveoli. The airways are branching, tubular passages like the branches of a tree that allow air to move in and out of the lungs. The wider segments of the airways are the trachea and the two bronchi. The smaller segments are called bronchioles. At the ends of the bronchioles are the alveoli, thin-walled sacs. Small blood vessels (capillaries) run in the walls of the alveoli, and it is across the thin walls of the alveoli where gas exchange between air and blood takes place. 1996-2010 MedicineNet, http://www.medicinenet.com/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease_copd/article.htm Airways and air sacs within the lungs are elasticised, with the air we breathe the lungs will change shape with inhalation they expand and return to the normal shape after they have been stretched with full of air. With in the Lining the of the nasal cavity is a mucous membrane full of blood vessels, with the many blood vessels this enable the nose to warm and humidify the incoming air quickly. Cells in the mucous membrane produce mucus and have tiny hair like projections (cilia). Usually, the mucus traps incoming dirt particles, which are then moved by the cilia toward the front of the nose or down the throat to be removed from the airway. This action helps clean the air before it goes to the lungs. Ciliated Columnar Epithelium which contains goblet cells and cilia, the goblet cells are responsible for secreting mucus which is able to trap the finer particles from inspired air and the cilia which are fine hairs to trap particles from going into the respiratory track. The cilia carrys the particles by a sweeping the mouth or nose where it can then be swallowed, coughed or sneezed out of the body (Munden, 2007). The two major sources of mucus secretion in the respiratory tract are the surface epithelial goblet cells and mucous cells. In lungs, goblet cells are present in the large bronchi, becoming increasingly thin toward the bronchioles. The sub mucosal glands are in the airways with the thickness decreasing with airway quality. With COPD, sub mucosal glands increase in size (hypertrophy), and the number of goblet cells will increased (hyperplasia) (Rogers, Jackson, 2001). The increased of goblet cells to ciliated cells will cause thickness in the bronchioles, this then impairs clearance of mucus. Patients affected by COPD also show the presence of edema, which can further reduce airway size and compromise the lung function. (Postma and Kerstjens, 1998). In clinical studies, these inflammatory parameters have been shown to correlate with a reduction lung function and an exaggerated bronchoconstriction (Postma and Kerstjens, 1998). The goblet cells are replaced within the small airways (bronchi) with Clara cells they are another form of secreting cell that are form ciliated cells and to help renew the bronchiolar epithelium, they produce hypophase component and a protease inhibitor these help protect the lungs by clearing foreign bodys from the airway (Stokley et al, 2006) Gasses exchange in the lung takes places in the airway with in the alveoli, The largest airway is the windpipe (trachea), this then branches into two smaller airways; the left and right bronchi, At the end of each bronchiole are thousands of small air sacs (alveoli) the walls are a thick network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries. The thin barrier between air and capillaries allows oxygen to move from the alveoli to the blood and allows carbon dioxide to move from the blood to the capillaries into the alveoli (Matterporth Matfin, 2009). Mr J has a poor respiratory drive due to having poor ventilation on the lungs. Hypoxemia and hypercapnia can take place due to the poor ventilation, hypoxia in Patients with COPD like Mrs J have raised CO2  levels and  depend  on a deficiency of oxygen (hypoxia) to encourage respiration. They will develop increased CO2  retention,  respiratory acidosis  and subsequently will require mechanical ventilation (oxygen). It also causes the kidneys to produce erthpoietin which stimulates excessive red blood cell production as Mrs J has poor ventilation intake the blood cells are not fully oxygenated there for cyanosis can occurs (Munden, J, 2007).This has lead to hypercapnia due to raised carbon dioxide levels resulting from suppression of hypoxic ventilation drive. However, this understanding does not account for the many factors that contribute to the control of breathing in patients, and has resulted in oxygen being withheld inappropriately from some patients with acute respi ratory failure.   (Brooker Nicol, 2004). Mrs J has lent to live in hypoxic drive as she has made adjustments in her life and has lived like this for 4 years now and has become normal to her. Mrs J has sensitivity to falling oxygen levels rather than raised carbon dioxide (Brooker Nicol, 2004). A higher level of oxygen within Mrs Js system reduces the stimulus to breath therefore inducing carbon dioxide maintenance (Walsh Crumbie, 2007). Emphysema occurs when the air sacs at the ends of your bronchioles gradually gets destroyed, smoking is the leading cause of emphysema. Resulting in the air sacs (alveoli), in the lungs becoming over stretched making their thin walls tear, there for losing the lung tissue and elasticity. The lungs cannot expand or contract fully, and so become less efficient when breathing. (McCance Huether, 2006)   As the condition worsens, emphysema turns the air sacs which are like a bunch of grapes to become enlarged, irregular pockets with gaping holes in their inner walls; this reduces the number of air sacs and keeps some oxygen entering the lungs from reaching the bloodstream (Munden, J, 2007). This makes you try and breathe harder as insufficient oxygen is not getting into our airways. Our bodies compensates by lowering cardiac output and we then begin to hyperventilate, which then results in limited blood flow through fairly well oxygenated lungs this is in contrast to chronic bronchitis (Brooker Nicol, 2004). Due to low cardiac output in Mrs Js body it will tend to suffer from tissue hypoxia leading to weight loss or muscle wasting (McClance Huether, 2006). Mrs Js chronic bronchitis is a Type 2 respiratory failure; this refers to hypercapnoea, which is a presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the blood steam, which can occur with or without hypoxia. This type of respiratory failure is caused by a decline the amount of gas inhaled and exhaled (Higgins,D., Guest,J, 2008). Respiratory failure occurs when alveolar ventilation is ineffective to expel carbon dioxide in the body. Poor ventilation is due to reduced ventilation effort, it affects the lung as a whole, there for carbon dioxide accumulates in the lungs this could deadly if it is not treated (Partridge, 2006). This process is seen in patients such as Mrs J with COPD and can be made more aggressive by an illness (Higgins,D., Guest,J, 2008). Mrs J views her quality of life as poor and hates getting up in the mornings, this is because Mrs J becoming breathless and not being able to fulfil her daily activities. COPD can leave patients feeling anxious and suffering from panic attacks (Christen Antoni, 2000). Mrs J feels frightened becoming breathless as she has had frequent admissions of exacerbation with long stays in hospital, exacerbations is a increased case of breathlessness and sputum experience and very distressing for patients and disruptive to their lives (Alaxander,Fawcett Runciman, 2006). Because of Mrs J being short of breath she feels very lonely and isolated, Mrs J has now got a low self esteem and self confidence this has been induced by her affects of the disease, any activities such as washing, dressing and shopping has become quite dependant on her family in these tasks and feels helpless and a burden to them. The psychological affects of living with COPD can be overwhelming the anxiety and panic levels are very high as Mrs J is living in constant fear and frustration each day of the affects of the illness. COPD patients tend to have a high prevalence rate of clinical depression (N, Haynes, 2000). Depression is very common in COPD patients, around 40% are affected by severe depressive symptoms or clinical depression (Henriksen,A, 2008). Since Mrs J has been diagnosed she has had to make some psychological adjustments, she has some challenges ahead of her such as maintaining her ADLs i.e. self image and personal hygiene. Mrs J feels weak and drained on any activities she does due to breathlessness, most of the time she has to rely on her husband and family to meet these needs and has become dependant upon them; this can lead to activation of negative self image which has lasting changes to the patient (Christen Antoni, 2000). Mrs J feels that dealing with her chronic illness she has had to challenge her own self worth, her own sense of vulnerability and to think of what the future has in hold for her (N, Haynes, 2000). COPD may also adversely affect Mrs J self image which is negatively stigmatised her self inflicted this illness on her self due to smoking (Gore et al, 2000). Stigma has had a huge impact on Mrs Js low self esteem as she has smoked most of her life and has caused her condition to progress, so she only has herself to blame. Having low self esteem can be very difficult for some patients to handle as is plays a role in their lives (Christen Antoni, 2000). The more inactive Mrs J will becomes it will decrease her self esteem and can have an impact on her well being (Haynes, 2000). Mrs J also thinks that she has become depressed due to her condition which has had a huge impact on her quality of life with has lead to isolation and dependant on family and friends (Barnett, 2008). COPD patients are being stigmatized in todays society, this disabling condition has been linked to poor lifestyle changes and people that have smoked (Bartolame, Berger, 2009). Patients with COPD feel stigmatised due to medical profession as they have been labelled under pink puffers and blue bloaters this can have a negative impact on their image (Johnson et al, 2007). Mrs J feels that the main reason that she has become isolated is that she is embarrassed by her visible side affect due to poor mobility and breathlessness. COPD research has mainly focused on the medical side rather than the social impact of the disease. This neglect is seen as patients are not prepared for wider social attitudes of smoking related to their illness and has been looked at as self infliction and avoidable conditions creating stigma which is attached to the disease (Johnson et al, 2007). The National Clinical Strategy for COPD is currently being developed by the Department of Health. This was previously known as the National Service Framework (NSF). Following the Darzi report which stated that high quality for all this was based upon ways to reshape and improve the NHS. The National Clinical Strategy will address the lack of awareness of COPD and also focus on the undiagnosed or inaccurately and also making clear pathways for those diagnosed. (NICE, 2004). NICE guidelines on COPD Cover a full range of care that should be available from the NHS to adults like Mrs J who has this illness and to have the appropriate support and treatments this includes smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation and management of exacerbations and to have easy access to these services (NICE, 2008). COPD has had a huge negative impact on Mrs Js life she has had to overcome challenges due to her COPD such as her basic day to day activities, by making some adjustments to meet these tasks. With Mrs J disabling disease this has lead to loss of function, low self confidence and has become socially isolated in her own home due to her clinical depression (Brooker, 2005). Alexander, M. F., Fawcett, J., Runciman, P. J., (Eds.). (2006). Nursing practice: The adult hospital and home. (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Barnett, M. (2008). Management of end stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. British Journal of Nursing, 17(22),1390 1394. Barr, R. G. Bourbeau, J, Camargo C. A. Inhaled tiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Apr 18;(2) Bartolame, A., Berger, R. (2009). Blaming the patient. Retrieved 2nd February 2010 website: http://www.breathingbetterlivingwell.com/lofiversion/index.php/t6895.htm Bellamy, D., Booker, R. (Eds.). (2004). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care: All you need to know to manage COPD in your practice. (3rd ed.). London: Class publishing. Bellamy, D., Brooker, R. (2004). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care. Journal of Community Nursing, 23(4), 24-25. British Lung Foundation. (2007). The affect of the disease of COPD. Retrieved 14th January 2010 website: http://www.lung.uk.org/you-and-your-lungs/conditions-and-diseases/copd.htm British Lung Foundation. (2010). The National Strategy for COPD. Retrieved 7th February 2010 website: http://www.lunguk.org/media-and-campaigning/campaigns/what-is-the-national-strategy-for-copd British Thoracic Society. (2006).The burden of lung disease and statistics report. Journal of Community Nursing, 22(7) 25-26. Britton, M. The burden of COPD in the U.K.: results from the Confronting COPD survey.;  Respir Med.2003 Brooker, C., Nicol, M. (Eds.). (2004). Nursing adults: The practice of caring. (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Mosby Elsevier. Brooker, R. (2005). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and NICE guidelines. Nursing Standards. 19(22), 43-52. Christen, A., Antoni, M. (Ed.). (2000). chronic physical disorders: Behavioural medicines perspective. Oxford: Blackwell publishing Ltd. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NICE Clinical Guideline (2004);  Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults in primary and secondary care Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NICE Clinical Guideline (2004);  Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults in primary and secondary care Coakley, A. L., Ruston, A. (2001). Pulmonary disease and smoking: A case for health promotion. British Journal of Nursing. 10 (1), 20-24. COPD. BMJ Clinical Evidence.  www.clinicalevidence.com, accessed 10 June 2009 Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; September 2005. Gore, J. M., Brophy, C. J., Greenstone, M. A. (2000). How well do we care for patients with end stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A comparison of palliative care and quality of life in COPD and lung cancer. British Medical Journal: Thorax. 55,1000-1006. Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2000) W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia; London. Haynes, N. (Ed.). (2000). Foundations of psychology, (3rd ed.). London: Thomson Learning. Henriksen, A. (2008). Statistics on clinical depression. Retrieved 2nd February 2010 website: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/586751 Higgins, D., Guest, J. (2008). Acute respiratory failure: Assessing patients. Retrieved 1st February 2010 website: http://www.nursingtimes.net/nursing-practice-clinical-research/acute-respiratory-failure-assessing-patients/1833932-article Johnson, J. L., Campbell, A. C., Bowers, M., Nichol, A. M. (2007). Understanding the social consequences of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: effects of stigma and gender. The American Thoracic Society, 4:680-682. doi: 10.1513/pats.200706-0845d. Kleinschmidt, P. (2008). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. Retrieved from Emedicine website: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/807143-overview Lacasse, Y. Goldstein, R. Lasserson, T. J. Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database, 2006 Oct 18;(4) Marieb, N. E. (Ed). (2003). Essentials of Human Anatomy Physiology. (7th ed.). San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. Masters, N., Tutt, C. (2007). Smoking pack years calculator. Retrieved on 14th January 2010 from website: http://www.smokingpackyears.com/ Matterporth, C., Matfin, G. (2009). Pathophysiology concepts of altered heath states. (8th ed.). Lippincott, Willams Wilkins: Raven Publishers. McClance, L. K., Huether, E. S. (Eds.). (2006). Pathophysiology the biologic Munden, J. (Ed.). (2007). Professional guide to pathophysiology. (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Willams Wilkins. NICE  (2007)  Acutely Ill Patients in Hospital. Recognition of and Response to Acute Illness in Adults in Hospital. Textbook of Medical Physiology (10th edition) SUNY Downstate Medical Center, . (2008, March 05). The Respiratory system. Retrieved from http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/histomanual/respiratory.html MedicineNet, . (1996 2010). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) . Retrieved from http://www.medicinenet.com/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease_copd/page4.htm#symp

Wellness :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The wellness wheel couldn’t have come at a better time because I’ve recently been trying to change my dieting and exercising habits, as well as the way in which I feel and look at myself. Knowing that my answers to some of these questions could be completely bias, I realize that the wellness wheel is how I look at myself in my perspective. Others could have different opinions about how I score myself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I found that I did very well on section eight, scoring a perfect twenty. Now, that is just how I felt at the time I took the test. Different answers and scores could appear at different times depending on my mood. Section eight was about wellness with playing and working. I feel I did very well on this particular section because I know how to separate work from play. I know when and how to work hard; and I’m very proud of the things I do and my accomplishments. On the other hand, I know when I’ve been working too much, and personal enjoyment away from work is almost like therapy to me. I think that the way I work is what enabled me to do so well in this section. I usually enjoy work, and I always try to turn work into an enjoyable activity, instead of â€Å"work†. I feel that if you work hard, you should play hard too.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main areas that I scored low in are the areas surrounding diet and exercise. Throughout my life, up until the past couple of years, I’ve always been extremely athletic and did some form of exercise regularly. However, now that I have more responsibilities; working full-time and going to school full-time, I’ve notice that I have slipped from exercising regularly, to not exercising at all. I’ve become a couch potato, figuring that I put so much time and effort into work, that when I get home I should sit on the sofa and plop my feet on the coffee table, eating junk food till my stomach erupts. I know this isn’t me, and I don’t want to be a couch potato for the rest of my life. However, this horrible habit that I’ve developed is a cycle that spirals downward leading me to unhealthy obesity. I’m only 170 pounds, still in shape, but on the verge of gaining an actual beer belly. I need to break the cycle and set a rou tine exercise plan for myself that will also include a relaxed diet.

Riordan Manufacturing Recommendations

History of Riordan Manufacturing Riordan Manufacturer is a global producer of plastics. They operate in four locations, three in the United States and one plant in the People’s Republic of China. Riordan’s United States’ plastic products include beverage containers produced in Atlanta, Georgia and custom plastic parts in Pontiac, Michigan. The Hangzhou, China plant produces plastic fan parts and corporate headquarters is in San Jose, California, (Apollo Group, 2006).Riordan Manufacturing is looking to update their Sales and Marketing Department with the newest and latest software recommendations. The following is a summary of the history, current set up of the department and a recommendation of the upgrade. Riordan is attempting to consolidate customer information to deliver more to the customer. Riordan Manufacturing has a combined sales and marketing system, which include many databases, paper files, and microfiche. The sales and marketing systems are obsolete based on today’s standards of integrated information management.The information available to consolidate into a CRM includes Sales history; Previous marketing research files, marketing plans, and design awards; Sales records; Production files; Statements of profit and loss by item and group; Marketing budget, activities in marketing communications and expenditures marketing research. Marketing Research, Marketing Plans, and Design Awards The marketing department wants to build a database of past knowledge. Plans and results from past research studies stored in the marketing department.In the lobby, a showcase displaying the various design awards earned by the marketing department. The company is looking at the possibility to hire a student part-time to scan the documents. The Riordan has 20 major customers, including government contracts, and 12 minor customers. Using a variety of tools, each member of the sales team maintains customer records. The various types of record kee ping is paper and pencil, Act software, a hybrid. The firm is evaluating a new integrated CSM system to help the new selling team that will soon be in operation.The goal for the marketing budget is to reach the $50 million revenue mark. This is a collaboration effort by Dr. Riordan and the executive team, which incorporates input of line managers closest to the day-to-day operations. The two objectives that Riordan hoped to achieved is increasing sales force promotions to increase sales to existing customers, price discounts, and customer user group services and, implementing public relations, trade shows, brand development, and sales force promotions to expand sales to new customers. Recommendations for Sales and MarketingIt is recommended that Riordan update or upgrade the current system to a more user friendly, up-to-date, and efficient system that will allow an effective process of keeping historical, sales and marketing records for future planning. To assist the Marketing and S ales departments in keeping up with the daily intake of information a list of the following software could be implemented: * Oracle – Sells applications that leverage Oracle's database technology to provide CRM systems * SAP – CRM application part of SAP Business Suite * Microsoft – Microsoft Dynamics CRM.A modular system, which can purchase different components based on specific needs. Expands into an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system (Microsoft, 2010). * Sage – SalesLogix CRM done by a popular accounting systems producer (Sage, 2010). * SalesForce CRM – A software as a service/Cloud computing-based system. (Apollo Group, 2003, 2004, 2006) Human Resources Information SystemsRiordan’s HRIS system was set up in 1992, part of the financial systems that keep track of employee information, rate of pay, exemptions, date of hire, seniority based on date of hire, which is difficult and different than the hire date, manager’s name, de partment information, and non-exempt vacation time. Managers submit a form for changes to the employee information and then entered by the payroll clerk into the system. Microsoft Excel is used to keep records on training and development. Recruiters maintain information for each open position within Riordan.All resumes are filed in a central location and Excel is used to track application status. A third-party manages the Worker’s compensation and keeps records at that location, not Riordan. Each manager keeps employee information for that department, which there is no central location for keeping these files. Managers are responsible for tracking all FMLA absences and any ADA recommendations. Excel spreadsheets are used for the compensation manager for job analyses, surveys on salary and compensation decisions on individuals.Specialists in the employee relation department keep track of complaints, harassment complaints, grievances, and all other employee relation information and, are then filed and locked in the employee relation department. Recommendations for Human Resources Information Systems Riordan has a diverse set of needs spread over four locations, one of which is an international factory that is located in China. This will require the HCM software to be flexible to handle different culture and regulatory environments.Also the system will have to be able to capture information form a diverse set of archival media. This is not limited to digital information but vast amounts of paper files will need to be integrated into the system. System that are complex will have specialized technical skills to deploy, customize, and maintain its operations. As well as experts to provide training for our personal. Ultimately careful consideration must be given to the existing processes and the final results of the project.Because HCRM service are going to be provided company wide careful consideration as to the capabilities of the program to adapt to differe nt culture mores and holidays is a must Also, the services that are provided to employees need to be available in the local languages of the countries that they reside. To accomplish this provider of the software must be fluent in both countries of operation. They should also have an established presence in both countries to provide service in and by local professionals.Riordan has a long history of data for its operations many of the records are stored in paper files and legacy office products that are rapidly nearing their production life. As such in order to pull historical data for strategic planning the system will need to collect data form a wide range of active and archival sources. Providers who have a long history will often have experience with these both with their own products and that of their competitors. As a manufacturing company of plastic parts and bottles there is a fair chance that the company will not have the skills required for such an undertaking.So the provi der must be established in the market to have spawned a large pool of expert professionals that have used its solution. This will help in negotiating service and training contracts. Therefore, we recommend that we open negotiations with a few of the larger information technologies companies that provide these services. To that end we would suggest IBM as a well known systems integrator with extensive Business Intensiveness Product lines with offices in both countries (IBM, 2010). Second, is SAP this company has a well known product line and is also an international company (SAP, 2010).Others that may be of interest are Oracle and Microsoft. Research and Development Riordan manufacturing research and development department tests new products, evaluates new chemicals, polymers, and dyes used in the manufacturing process. The research and development is currently working on the production of a pyramid bottle project and a CardiCare Valve proof-of-concept. Only a small amount of raw mat erials and components needed to build proof-of-concept models with new product development.Because the research and development department deals with small amounts of raw materials orders are shipped by truck and received at the main entrance. Logistics The operations and logistics systems at Riordan is a company quickly moving from a small research company working in polymers to a company that manufactures and distributes polymer products nationally and internationally. Whereas Riordan’s past operations and logistics systems have served them in the past, there is evidence that it is time to upgrades these systems.The current procedures for inventory operations consist of raw materials received by the area supervisor, physically comparing shipping documents to a scheduled orders receiving report, unloading the material, handing the log to the receiving clerk. The inventory clerk must manually enter the information to the system. During the manufacturing process, the inventory clerk enters the information of raw materials into the system to track the inventory. Recommendations for Operations and Logistics A recommendation that Riordan could implement in to their operations and logistic system would be from Operations Concepts, Inc.The Warehouse Management System/Transportation Management System. Logistics System provides an assessment of detailed logistics operations, study of logistic processes, detailed functional specification development, solicit system vendors, system demonstration, proposal, and presentation reviews. OCI also assists in vendor selection, exporting and clean up of data, development of host interface, configuration and detailed design rules application, project management software, and training and post Go-Live support.OCI assists with a detailed review of operations, activities, processes, data coverage of various functional areas including inspection, receiving, put away, picking, replenishment, shipping, transfers, and inventory m anagement. OCI Project Management Services support clients in implementing and improving changes in environmental workplace. OCI professional handle various environments within a workplace such as union, non-union, government, military, regulated industries, and bioscience industries.The operation and logistics systems at Riordan must be upgraded to ensure consistent customer service across all manufacturing plants in the United States and China. A review of the existing operation and logistic system currently deployed at Riordan require a software system and vendor that will automate most of the current processes and provide expertise. By implementing the recommended operation and logistic system, Riordan will be able to meet its customer’s expectations, delivery, and time schedules. Riordan Legal IssuesThe potential legal issues that Riordan Manufacturing management needs to be aware of are the implications on design, manufacturing, the supply chain, and distribution of the ir product. Another potential legal issue that Riordan Manufacturing needs to be aware of is ethical issues in the workplace. Riordan Manufacturing is a global business its management needs to consider the wide ranges of issues, including acceptable working conditions, minimum wage levels, product safety issues, and environmental protection.Riordan Manufacturing should consider developing a legal strategies plan, which is a fundamental part of a business formation and strategic operation (Nickels W. G. , McHugh J. M. , McHugh, S. M. , 2005). Incorporating legal planning into the business planning process would allow them to plan strategies for operations to minimize risks arising from legal and regulatory sources (Nickels W. G. , McHugh J. M. , McHugh, S. M. , 2005). Ultimately, the additional planning would protect their organization better.Potential legal issues for Riordan Manufacturing can include a multiple of subjects because of Riordan's position as a manufacturer and researc h and developer of plastics with sites in various states as well as China. These issues can cover the basic areas like wrongful lawsuits, to tax laws as well and human resources issues. However, other areas not normally thought of require looking at and this is why the Riordan legal team needs to be vigilant in keeping up-to-date in a multiple of areas. One of the major areas of legal issues that Riordan must invest in is that of patents.Patenting Riordan's property is imperative because not only does it protect Riordan's property â€Å"from making, using, selling or even importing an invention for a period of 20 years from the filing date of the first patent application† (Gilcrest, 2008, Patent Strategies in Times of Economic Downturn, para. 3 ), but it protects income that can be made by license income royalties. However, the process of patenting an innovation of Riordan can be time-consuming as well as costly, and with this, Riordan's legal team needs to be well up-to-date in patent laws.With a manufacturer partner in China and items sold in both countries, it will be important for the legal team to be up-to-date in the patent laws in both countries. Another area that Riordan's legal team must be up-to-date is that of the changing laws throughout the country and the individual states. California for instance is introducing a new bill that would ban non-compostable and non-recyclable food service packaging; this includes plastic containers for beverages. Riordan's legal team needs to be aware of the changing laws in any state and country Riordan is to do business in and make sure the company’s products ill continue to be compliant. Recommendations for Riordan Legal Issues Riordan Manufacturing’s legal matters are the responsibility of Lowell Bradford, Chief Legal Counsel. Mr. Bradford uses his knowledge and experience, or the advice from attorneys at Litteral and Finkel to answer legal questions from department heads. The law firm of Lit teral and Finkel is on a monthly retainer to ensure prompt responses to legal questions. Each month, Riordan pays legal fees and excess charges against the retainer fee.Litteral and Finkel have an international network of offices providing legal services in all areas of the law for Riordan. Aquiring offices internationally, they can provide immediate legal services anywhere in the world. Riordan Board of Directors is responsible for governing and managing the business affairs of Riordan for the benefit of its shareholders. Board members must be knowledgeable about the industry, have financial experience, be available to participate, and be able to serve at the level of a Board member of Riordan.The Board is responsible for selecting new members recommended by the Nomination Committee. The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chairman of the Board go through an election process by the Board. Riordan's operations and size determines the membership of the Board. Board performance is d etermined by using a self-assessment with the assistance of the Nominating Committee. The Nominating Committee an auditing committee presents performance and effectiveness of the Board activities. A Board member may resign or be removed when there is a conflict of interest.Based on the best interest of the company, the Board may accept or reject the resignation request. Board members must attend at least three quarters of annual Board meetings and should report their absences to the Board Secretary. The Chairman of the Board establishes the agenda based on the requests of other Board members or the CEO. The board secretary will distribute agenda items, reports, presentation, and information three days before the Board meeting. The Board is required to have a minimum three committees for the life of the Company. The committees are Executive, Auditing, and Nominating.The Board can create new committees and select committee members based on the recommendation of the Chairman of the Boa rd and with the approval of the Board. The frequency of committee meetings, duration, and agenda will be the responsibility of the Committee Chairman. The Board is responsible for operations and financial activities. Riordan Board of Directors designates the authority to operate the company through its designated senior managers. If it is in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders, the Board has the right to remove senior management (Riordan Mfg.Legal – Overview, 2003, 2004, 2006). References Apollo Group, I, (2003, 2004, 2006).University of Phoenix Business Material. Retrieved April 5, 2010, from Riordan Manufacturing: https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Riordan/RioMfgHome002. htm University of Phoenix. (2010). Riordan Manufacturing Inc. [Computer Software]. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, Simulation, BSA502 website. SAP (2010) SAP Worldwide Sites.Retrieved May 11, 2010 from http://www. sap. com/contactsap/countries/index. px IBM ( 2010)New Intelligence, Why data matters—and what you can do with it Retrieved Ma7 11, 2010 from: http://www. ibm. com/smarterplanet/us/en/business_analytics/ideas/index. html? sa_campaign=message/leaf1/corp/smarterplanet/intelligence Apollo Group, . (2008).